lpetrich
Contributor
-troph designates an organism that does one of these things
-trophic is an associated adjective
-trophy is the associated noun
An autotroph has autotrophic metabolism, and does autotrophy, for instance.
In order of combination:
The most familiar sorts of metabolism are
There are variations like Auxotrophy - almost autotrophy but needing some biological molecule, like some vitamin. Some forms of heterotrophy are very close to autotrophy, like some bacteria and fungi being able to use any of a variety of biological molecules as its sole carbon source.
Some organisms can switch between different energy and raw-material sources depending on what is convenient or available: Mixotroph
Here are some additional energy sources that some organisms have been known to use:
Radiotrophic fungus - some melanin-containing fungi can get energy from ionizing radiation.
Electrotroph - an organism that can get energy from electric currents.
However, I could find no organisms that get their energy from mechanotrophy, by extracting mechanical energy. I also had no success for thermotrophy, extracting energy from heat flows.
-trophic is an associated adjective
-trophy is the associated noun
An autotroph has autotrophic metabolism, and does autotrophy, for instance.
In order of combination:
- Energy source:
- Phototroph - light
- Chemotroph - chemical reactions
- Raw materials (hydrogen/electron sources):
- Lithotroph - inorganic molecules
- Organotroph - organic molecules, usually biological ones
- Source of biological molecules
- Autotroph - manufacture by the organism
- Heterotroph - already-existing ones
The most familiar sorts of metabolism are
- Photo-litho-autotroph -- plants
- Chemo-organo-heterotroph -- animals, fungi, and decay organisms
- Photo-organo-heterotroph -- organisms that get their energy from light but need biological molecules from outside. Like haloarchaea
- Chemo-litho-heterotroph -- organisms that get their energy from inorganic-chemical reactions but need biological molecules from outside
- Chemo-litho-autotroph -- organisms that get their energy from inorganic-chemical reactions and make their own biological molecules. Like methanogens and inorganic-compound oxidizers
- Chemo-organo-autotroph - like the above but getting energy from organic-chemical reactions
There are variations like Auxotrophy - almost autotrophy but needing some biological molecule, like some vitamin. Some forms of heterotrophy are very close to autotrophy, like some bacteria and fungi being able to use any of a variety of biological molecules as its sole carbon source.
Some organisms can switch between different energy and raw-material sources depending on what is convenient or available: Mixotroph
Here are some additional energy sources that some organisms have been known to use:
Radiotrophic fungus - some melanin-containing fungi can get energy from ionizing radiation.
Electrotroph - an organism that can get energy from electric currents.
However, I could find no organisms that get their energy from mechanotrophy, by extracting mechanical energy. I also had no success for thermotrophy, extracting energy from heat flows.