You’re treating “did not exist” like I meant it in some absolute metaphysical sense, when the context made it obvious I was talking about the specific form of fixed, inescapable identity tied to modern racial logic and state structures. I clarified that multiple times. You keep pretending that clarification doesn’t count because....... ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
I’m not treating it metaphysically, I’m taking it the way you yourself framed it, “fixed identity as something that did not exist before colonial modernity” and “ethnic cleansing is a modern and European thing” and “this logic did not exist in antiquity.” Those are your words, not me doing philosophy with a stray adverb.
That said, I’ve never said clarification “doesn’t count.” You’ve explained several times that what you say you mean is “the specific modern form of fixed identity tied to racial ideology and state categories.” I’ve acknowledged that and I’ve agreed that this modern form is historically specific. The disagreement is not over whether you can clarify; it’s over the fact that even in the clarified version, you’re still treating the underlying logic as a clean break instead of as a hardening and formalizing of older patterns.
Ancient societies had inherited identities, yes. I’ve never denied that. What they did not have, and what I clearly meant, was the modern form of rigid, racialized, bureaucratically enforced identity categories that make assimilation impossible. That’s the distinction you keep flattening. You’re not “taking my wording seriously,” you’re taking your most literal and clumsy reinterpretation of it and ignoring every clarification I’ve made so you don’t have to address the argument itself without fashioning yourself an exit strategy.
I don’t dispute that the “modern form”, racialized, explicitly biological language plus census categories and ID paperwork is new. That’s the part of your claim I’ve never argued with. Where we’re still apart is in that last clause: “that make assimilation impossible.”
Modern systems say assimilation is impossible for the group as a group, and they write that into law. In practice, even in the modern cases you lean on, there’s always some combination of killing, expulsion and coerced absorption. Some people are killed “as such,” some are driven out, some manage to pass, convert, get taken into other households, or survive in mixed families. That doesn’t make the ideology less murderous; it just means your “assimilation impossible” line, taken seriously, doesn’t describe the messy reality of modern ethnic cleansing either.
So I’m not flattening your distinction. I’m saying yes, there is a distinctive modern apparatus and a distinctive racial language. No, that does not mean the premodern world had nothing that resembles fixed, inherited, hard-to-escape identity tied to collective punishment, and no, it doesn’t mean modern systems actually live up to the total rigidity your slogan suggests.
If you insist on holding me hostage to the roughest possible reinterpretation instead of the clarified meaning I’ve repeated, you’re not engaging in good faith my boi.
What I’m “holding you hostage to” are your own sentences, quoted in full, alongside the clarifications you’ve given. I’ve taken the clarified version seriously, “modern, racialized, state-structured identity categories.” I’ve agreed that they are historically specific. What I won’t do is pretend that your repeated “did not exist in antiquity / modern and European thing / makes assimilation impossible” language was just noise that can be ignored once someone challenges it.
Good faith here means exactly this, I accept your clarification, and then I ask whether even that clarified claim is as sharp as you say it is. My answer is modern Europe took older logics of group-targeted destruction and gave them new language and machinery. That’s a real and important difference. It’s not the same as saying the logic itself suddenly sprang into being in 1850.
I think the closest you came to a strong argument was when you brought up the rapes and forced marriages committed by the Arab militias.
That wasn’t a side note, that’s exactly why I keep saying your “assimilation vs elimination” binary is too clean. Those rapes, forced marriages, and enslavements sit alongside mass killing and expulsion. Within the same campaign, some members of the targeted group are destroyed, some are driven out, some are violently folded into the dominant identity. That is elimination and absorption working together, not a pure case of “no way out in principle.”
The fact that Sudan’s militias use a modern racial script and state-shaped categories is what makes this a contemporary, post-colonial ethnic cleansing. The fact that they also mix killing, expulsion and coerced incorporation is what links it structurally to older patterns you keep insisting are “different in kind.” That’s the tension I’ve been pointing at from the start, whether we talk about Sudan, the Holocaust, or earlier empires.
NHC