Well, no; they don't have to pay for BOTH real estate on which to install solar panels AND a road surface, because they get the two functions for the price of one. A fairer comparison is not solar roadway costs vs solar panel costs; it is solar roadway coasts vs (solar panel costs PLUS conventional roadway costs). Then you need to check out the benefits side, and consider the savings due to fewer crashes on icy roads; better road markings; smart road markings that allow flexible traffic management; reduced pollution from other power sources; etc.; etc...
It saves the real estate--but real estate is usually a minor component of total solar cost.
As for better road markings--I realized a big problem here. That would work well at night but you'll need some awfully bright lights for it to work during the day.
Except that black asphalt doesn't have the ability to move energy from the parts of the road surface that are clear of snow (possibly hundreds of miles away) to the parts that are still snowed under.2) Melt the snow on the road? You really think they produce enough power for that?!?!?! If they get enough power then the black asphalt (which absorbs at least as much energy, but just turns it into local heat rather than electricity) would also melt the snow.
And you could do that today. We don't--power is too expensive.
Why would you need to have the long distance cabling under the roads? It can be managed the same way it is now. Only local cabling need go under the roads. This is not a problem.3) Run the power wires under the street? It's already often done locally (we have no poles around here) but running the bigger wires underground doesn't work too well--the wires get too hot. Not to mention that insulating the high voltage stuff is problematic. (Normally they are bare wires up there on the poles. No insulation = much better heat dissipation.)
Modern construction puts the local wires underground anyway, there's little gain here. Yeah, they don't put them in a channel--but that's because the channel costs to much to be worth it. This isn't any better, the economics still aren't worth it. And I'm not talking only about the long distance stuff--there are still poles around holding the wires from the substations.
- - - Updated - - -
If something works to benefit everyone and a lot of people are on board with it, they will find the money.
Legalize marijuana and tax it to pay for the solar roads.
That's not the way economics works. Just because you want to do something doesn't mean you can afford to.