This responds to Peacegirl's Post No. 1991 (
https://iidb.org/threads/according-...ll-does-not-exist.27739/page-100#post-1326318), which provides an excerpt from her father's book, which is said to present a map of the path to achieving world peace. As stated in the excerpts:
"The first step is to prove conclusively, beyond a shadow of doubt, and regardless of any opinions to the contrary, that the will of man is not free.”
The excerpt in Peacegirl's post consists largely of a fictional colloquy between the author and a rabbi. Aside from the author dubbing himself to be as wise and skillful as Socrates (using the devise of having a third party offer that observation), the colloquy is offered as a proof that it is possible to prove that Free Will does not exist, which the excerpt states to be the first step of the path to world peace.
Among other problems, the author uses the terms Free Will and Determinism without defining the terms or explaining what the author means by the use of the terms. We all know that different people assign different meanings to these terms, so it is necessary to explain the meanings of the terms in the context of the discussion.
Of even greater significance, and separate and apart from the foregoing, the quoted colloquy, if taken at face value, proves that the "first step" of the path to world peace claimed to be shown by the book is impossible to take.
AUTHOR'S CONTENTION NO. 1
Without plainly or clearly stating it as a syllogism, the author sets forth the building blocks for the following syllogism:
1. If it is impossible to prove the existence of Free Will is true, it is equally impossible to prove the existence of Free Will is false.
2. It is Impossible to prove the existence of Free Will is true.
Therefore
3. It is Impossible to prove the existence of Free Will is false.
This syllogism is logically sound based on the stated premises.
AUTHOR'S CONTENTION NO. 2
"[A]lthough we can never prove free will true or determinism false, there still exists a possibility of proving determinism true or free will false."
The assertion in Contention No. 2 that is is possible to prove the existence of Free Will is false (putatively by proving that Determinism is true) is a direct contradiction to the conclusion of the syllogism developed in Contention No. 1 that "It is Impossible to prove the existence of Free Will is false."
Contention No. 2 also is the result of the fallacy of confusing a necessary condition with a sufficient condition, as explained below with respect to Contention No. 3.
AUTHOR'S CONTENTION NO. 3
The author offers the following two statements:
“If you could prove that determinism is false, wouldn’t this prove free will, which is the opposite of determinism, true? And didn’t we just prove that it is mathematically impossible to prove free will true, which means that it is absolutely impossible to prove determinism false?”
and
"it is mathematically impossible to prove free will true, which means that it is absolutely impossible to prove determinism false"
Through the foregoing two statements, the author (i) equates the falsification of Determinism with the proof of the truth/existence of Free Will, and (ii) equates the falsification of Free Will with proof of the truth/existence of Determinism. As explained below, the foregoing are both false equivalences -- (i) even within Incompatibilism, which posits the impossibility of the concurrent truth/existence of Determinism and Free Will, and (ii) certainly within Compatibilism, which accepts the possibility of the concurrent truth/existence of Determinism and Free Will.
The author bases his false equivalences on the assertion that Free Will "is the opposite" of Determinism. In fact, Free Will and Determinism are not "the opposite" of one another -- not even in Incompatibilism. In logic, A and Not A are the opposite of one another. By the same token, the opposite of Free Will is Not Free Will, and the opposite of Determinism is Not Determinism. But, Free Will is not the opposite of Not Determinism and Determinism is not the opposite of Not Free Will.
Within Incompatibilism, the incompatibility of Determinism and Free Will arises from the fact that the falsity/absence of either is a
necessary condition to the truth/existence of the other. But Incompatibilism does not posit that the falsity/absence of Determinism or Free Will is a
sufficient condition to the truth/existence of the other. The author's mistake is to equate a necessary condition with a sufficient condition, which is a fallacy that is taught in Logic 101. See, e.g., the discussion at
https://www.txst.edu/philosophy/resources/fallacy-definitions/confusion-of-necessary.html and
https://www.kaptest.com/study/lsat/...roW87IpgcYFTC8OfNpk5SuzF9FLoq03oQ9l6BnpbbTW8n. As explained in the Kaplan LSAT website:
Understanding Necessary and Sufficient Conditions
Before delving into the specific characteristics and examples of necessary and sufficient conditions, let’s define and differentiate between the two:
1.
Necessary Condition: A necessary condition is a condition that must be present in order for a particular outcome to occur. In other words, it is a requirement that must be met to achieve the desired result. Without this condition, the desired outcome is impossible.
2.
Sufficient Condition: A sufficient condition is a condition that guarantees, by its presence alone, the desired outcome. It is sufficient to bring about the desired result, regardless of any other factors.
AUTHOR'S CONTENTION NO. 4
The author asserts that the path to world peace begins with proof that Free Will does not exist (or is a false construct). Specifically, the author asserts:
"The first step is to prove conclusively, beyond a shadow of doubt, and regardless of any opinions to the contrary, that the will of man is not free."
But, the author has already claimed to provide a mathematical proof that it is impossible to prove the existence of Free Will and has also asserted as an axiom that it is mathematically impossible to disprove something that is incapable of being proved.
Thus, whether or not proof of the falsity of Free Will is a necessary condition to achieving world peace (as the author asserts), the author has stated both (i) that such proof is impossible, and (ii) that such proof is possible -- thereby setting his entire thesis upon a foundation that he, himself, has built, which is internally inconsistent and logically incoherent.