I absolutely understand that European Jews very much wanted a ‘homeland,’ a place they could live as a majority, and have a Jewish state. It made sense that this Jewish state would be centered on places of historic importance to Judaism. Much of the world wanted that for them, too. The trauma of WWII was, well, world wide.
Of course that’s a fairly shallow understanding of events but it’s also largely true. Another shallow way of looking at things is that there are multiple Islamic states. There are multiple Christian based states. Why could there not exist a single Jewish state?
More it was a case of saying never again. They wanted a place they wouldn't be subjected to periodic pogroms. Historically, there is no meaningful country where they have not had times where they feared for their safety.
And we see the pattern continue, except this time it's nations behind the pogroms.
Unfortunately people living in Palestine wanted to keep living as they had. And why should they not? And unfortunately, all people are flawed and too often want to impose their beliefs on others or to blame others and are often driven by greed and lust for power and fear.
Except nobody would have been expelled from anywhere had the Palestinians not chosen the path of violence. The partition should have been peaceful--but Islam can't accept loss. We see a far bloodier version of the same thing with India/Pakistan, no Jews to blame for it so it gets ignored.