. . . I halfway expect that in the next 30 years or so, someone will establish a relationship of math that successfully explain the universe in its entirety as a fundamental property of the natural numbers, and then we can similarly discount we are a "simulation" in any meaningful respect so long as the math continues to be consistent as evidence that we are not!
I think this might have something to do with the discussion of "mathematical multiverse"
@Swammerdami was mentioning?
Then, it's entirely possible for BOTH to be true.
I referred to Max Tegmark's
Mathematical universe hypothesis. He has written a whole book on this, I guess, which I've never read. In fact I formulated a similar hypothesis myself long before I'd ever heard of Tegmark. My version may be more general than his because I don't even care about mathematical structure or consistency. The Wiki article is probably clearer, but I'll try to explain the hypothesis myself.
Briefly,
there is nothing special about "existence."
Am I correct that in a Simulation hypothesis, if the simulated system is so complex that it has creatures who act and think like us, then those creatures really ARE conscious, and are just as real as us? My hypothesis is similar, but even the simulation is unnecessary!
Imagine a novel with a character, say Don Quixote. In the novel, Quixote experiences his life and certain emotions, and he really does experience those things. Of course the strength of his experiences will be very weak since what we call real life is millions of times more intense than any novel. Consider a generalization of Descartes'
Cogito Ergo Sum. In the novel Don Quixote "thinks" he thinks, therefore he IS (though only weakly).
In a simulation, conscious entities really are conscious even though they're just software threads. In a sufficiently complex movie, the characters almost "have a life of their own." In my hypothesis you don't even need the simulation or film: the fact that it COULD be simulated makes a universe real.
This is probably quite unclear, but I'm afraid further explanation would just dig me in deeper!