I just heard a news report the other day that, within the next few years, robotic technology is going to explode and will make a significant impact on employment. Just what are we going to do with people whose jobs are replaced by technology?
Soylent Green?
Actually I think the answer is we're already looking at such a society to a certain degree in a lot of first world countries.
The Industrial Revolution lifted a lot of people out of a life of subsistence farming...and right into a life of backbreaking factory work. Once people like 'ole Henry Ford figured out that paying people more than starvation wages turned them into customers and not just labor, things changed again. Coupled with the efforts of labor movements, we went from having to work sunup to sundown in order to merely survive, to working in order to make a living. A little extra money and a little extra time on the hands of the workers moved things forward. Consumer goods and services became a much larger part of the economy. A middle class emerged, made up of people who would have merely survived a generation or two earlier.
Now, instead of starting work on the farm as a kid and working all the time until you died, you could put in a third of your day working, have weekends off, and still make enough to have a chicken in the pot and a car in the garage.
As leisure time and disposable income grew, the economy expanded.
We're not at a guaranteed minimum income yet, but by some measures we're at least part way there, and the net effect has been overwhelmingly positive. If working all day for a pittance (with no social safety net, no health care, and no labor laws) was the best idea ever, then places like Bangladesh would be the first world countries and Sweden would be a hell hole of socialism.
So we've got a pretty good grasp on the fact that working only a third of the day most of the week, getting paid more than enough to survive (and maybe even enough to thrive) along with a safety net underneath can lead to a positive outcome. What's the next step?
Our intrepid libertarians would tell you that the best step is backwards. Take away the 40 hour week, minimum wages, workplace safety regulations, health care, unemployment insurance, etc. etc. etc. and hand all the power for deciding who gets the benefits of "the free market" to the folks who are at the top of the income pyramid. If you can't make it in such a world - they reason - you can just start a business. Or two. Or three. In fact if you're not an entrepreneur, then you don't really deserve to make a decent living.
Oh, and Venezuela...right?
I'm not sold on the idea of a society where your compensation is entirely divorced from your efforts, but having a "floor" of sorts below which you have to make an effort to fall seems to be working on the limited scale we've tried so far. Let's try a 35 or 30 hour week along with a living wage and see where that goes.