Patently not since more fortunate regions had the same welfare system and government.
So what happened to the Scots? Same as happened to the north of England, much of Wales, Norfolk, Northern Ireland... Neo-liberalism with its attendant financialisation and de-industrialisation at the same time as few hundred million near-slaves in the far east joined the labour market.
The Scots made the mistake of being makers rather than takers.
That's okay, I did a little research and found out what happened. In a set of findings it has already been shown that as late as the nineteenth century Scotland had a greater proportional output of people of intellectual distinction than did England. However, in waves concentrated particularly in the 1850s, 1870s, early 1900s and then in the interwar period upto WWII, over two million migrants left Scotland, more than half to the USA with Canada, Australia, and New Zealand being other important destinations. Following the Second World War and lasting up to the 1990s, Scotland was a country that suffered from brain drain, the 1960s in particular witnessing a net, negative annual migration balance of -40,000.
Today there are many more people living abroad claiming Scotch ancestry than living in Scotland proper.
However, studies of Scottish emigrants show they had/have an IQ of 8 points higher than those now living in Scotland - which is not unusual as emigrants tend to be those with higher IQs. Hence, Scotland is now three to four IQ points lower in IQ than in England, even after correction for urban/rural differences.
In short, the reduced mean intelligence in Scotland lies in the selective emigration of the more intelligent, leaving a depleted gene pool. Hence, the remaining Scots in Scotland are "what happened".