lpetrich
Contributor
Continuing with 538,
PROFILING ACTIVISTS FOR AND AGAINST ABORTION - The New York Times - July 21, 1984
KL had a curious difficulty. ''I could not find any prochoice activists who put in more than 5 hours, while some of the prolife people spent as much as 40 hours a week on the issue.'' Why the discrepancy? ''The prochoice side won a victory with the Supreme Court decision that legalized abortion in 1973.'' Of her 200 interviews, 125 were on the anti side and 75 on the pro side.
She composed a composite portrait of activists on each side.
notingThese findings line up with decades of research suggesting that views of abortion are intimately linked to how people think about motherhood, sex and women’s social roles. In the 1980s, the sociologist Kristin Luker argued that abortion is such an intractable issue because the people on either side of the debate have fundamentally different ideas about women’s autonomy. According to her, abortion-rights supporters saw women’s ability to make decisions about their bodies as fundamental to women’s equality, while anti-abortion advocates believed this focus on autonomy undermines the importance of women’s roles as mothers.
That analysis can feel a little stuck in the Reagan era, particularly since support for women working outside the home has grown significantly since the 1980s.
PROFILING ACTIVISTS FOR AND AGAINST ABORTION - The New York Times - July 21, 1984
It's a testament to how far we have come as a society where those with a direct stake in abortion are now having their say about the issue.Though for years they have been in legislative and judicial combat over the right of women to have abortions, the differences between the ''prochoice'' and ''prolife'' movements, as they call themselves, form a chasm that is broader and deeper than the abortion issue itself.
This is the premise of a report titled ''The War Between the Women'' by Kristin Luker in the current issue of Family Planning Perspectives, the bimonthly journal of the Alan Guttmacher Institute. The article was adapted from sections of Dr. Luker's recent book, ''Abortion and the Politics of Motherhood,'' published by the University of California Press.
''Even if the abortion issue had not mobilized them on opposite sides of the barricades, they would have been opponents on a wide variety of issues,'' wrote Dr. Luker, an associate professor of sociology at the University of California, San Diego. Not only are the two groups of women different from one another, but women themselves are also relative newcomers to the debate. As Dr. Luker pointed out, it is only in recent years that abortion has become a women's issue. Historically, it was the province of male professionals - physicians, lawyers and theologians.
KL had a curious difficulty. ''I could not find any prochoice activists who put in more than 5 hours, while some of the prolife people spent as much as 40 hours a week on the issue.'' Why the discrepancy? ''The prochoice side won a victory with the Supreme Court decision that legalized abortion in 1973.'' Of her 200 interviews, 125 were on the anti side and 75 on the pro side.
She composed a composite portrait of activists on each side.
She also notes how they view the sexes in society.In her report, Dr. Luker drew a profile of each type of woman. The typical antiabortion activist, she said, is a 44-year-old who was married at age 17 and has three or more children. Her father graduated from high school only, although there is a better than even chance that she went to college (60 percent of the antiabortion sample had bachelors' degrees). She does not work outside the home (only three did, and they held jobs traditional for women: social worker, nurse and teacher). Her husband is a small-business man or lower-income white-collar employee, and the family income is less than $30,000 a year. She attends church at least once a week, and is most likely a Catholic.
Her counterpart on the prochoice side is also married and 44. She was married at 22 or older and has one or two children. Her father is a college graduate, and she is likely to be one too. She is employed and is married to a professional man. Their combined income is $50,000 or more. She rarely attends church.
KL does not expect either side to be able to accommodate the other, because it would be too much of a sacrifice to do so. ''Their feelings on abortion are embedded in a larger world view,'so for them to question their beliefs about abortion would be to challenge an interrelated set of values about the roles of motherhood, the sexes, of morality, of religion and of human rights.''''Prolife activists see the world divided into two spheres - public and private life - and each sex has an appropriate, natural and satisfying place in his or her own sphere,'' Dr. Luker wrote. For a woman, that sphere is the home, where she is to have and rear as many children as are born to her. Married couples, Dr. Luker found, are expected to accept happily whatever children are born.
Prochoice women believe, Dr. Luker wrote, that men and women are fundamentally equal, by which they mean substantially similar, at least in their rights and responsibilities. ''They and their husbands share many social resources - status outside of the home, a paycheck and peers and friends located in the work world rather than in the family world.'' In addition, they resist values that suggest that motherhood is a natural, primary or inevitable role for a woman. Though they value children enormously, sex is valuable in itself and ought not be confined to procreation. However, prochoice advocates were troubled by the use of abortion as fertility control.