We are witnessing the rapid destabilization of the Earth’s climate system. This is no longer a warning for the future; it is a diagnosis of the present. Earth’s life-support systems are being pushed beyond stable limits, with changes unfolding faster than our ability to respond. Human activities are driving profound shifts in the atmosphere, oceans, and biosphere. Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere are higher now than any time in the last 2 million years (IPCC 2021). Across the globe, extreme heat, floods, droughts, storms, and wildfires are no longer rare events but defining features of a changing planet. For example, July 2026 was the hottest month on record for the contiguous United States (1895–present) (NOAA 2026), while global ocean temperatures also reached a record high for July (
figure S1). Climate-related changes appear to be accelerating and intensifying, raising concerns about reinforcing feedbacks and crossing of tipping points, with potential irreversible impacts. Climate change is increasingly interacting with global biodiversity loss, freshwater stress, food insecurity, pathogens, and geopolitical instability, amplifying risks across interconnected human and natural systems. Yet, the gap between scientific understanding and societal response continues to widen despite mounting evidence of escalating risks. The evidence for accelerating climate and ecological disruption is now so compelling that attention must shift toward rapid decarbonization as well as adaptation, resilience, scalable responses, and transformative systemic change. Crucially, the communities least responsible for historical emissions, particularly in the Global South and small island states, are bearing disproportionately severe and early consequences, raising fundamental questions of climate justice that must inform both policy and science.
Amid these intensifying risks, important signs of societal and technological transformation are also emerging. Solar and wind power are expanding rapidly worldwide, with low-carbon sources providing roughly 43% of global electricity generation in 2025 (Ember 2026a). This signals the emergence of a new clean-energy era, the Age of Electricity. At the same time, advances in energy storage, adaptation planning, ecosystem restoration, and climate response tools are providing new opportunities to reduce risks from climate change and strengthen resilience across human and natural systems. Although current progress remains far below what is needed to stabilize the climate system, these developments suggest that large-scale societal transformation remains possible and still within reach.
In this report, we update the vital signs of the planet and the human activities driving their rapid change. We provide a clear synthesis of the latest evidence for scientists, policymakers, and the public while identifying the risks ahead and the opportunities for meaningful action still available. Documenting change is no longer enough. We must also communicate what it means and what actions are needed. As scientists, we have a responsibility to communicate these realities with clarity and urgency. This report is part of our ongoing effort to deliver timely, accessible updates on rapidly intensifying climate change.