The "Second Coming" -- Why did they make Jesus into "The Son of Man" who would return?
The worst problem with the whole Jesus myth is, He explicitly said he'd return very soon to establish a new world, and that did not happen.
Matthew 24
29 Immediately after the tribulation of those days shall the sun be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars shall fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens shall be shaken:
30 And then shall appear the sign of the Son of man in heaven: and then shall all the tribes of the earth mourn, and they shall see the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven with power and great glory.
Matthew 26
63 But Jesus held his peace, And the high priest answered and said unto him, I adjure thee by the living God, that thou tell us whether thou be the Christ, the Son of God.
64 Jesus saith unto him, Thou hast said: nevertheless I say unto you, Hereafter shall ye see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven.
Mark 14
61 But he held his peace, and answered nothing. Again the high priest asked him, and said unto him, Art thou the Christ, the Son of the Blessed?
62 And Jesus said, I am: and ye shall see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven.
Matthew 16
28 Verily I say unto you, There be some standing here, which shall not taste of death, till they see the Son of man coming in his kingdom.
Didn't happen as promised, did it?
There are many interpretations of the "return very soon" quotes of Jesus.
One is that he never said these "Son of Man" sayings but that these were put into his mouth by later NT writers, as some early Christ cults adopted the earlier "Son of Man" theme. All the "return very soon" quotes use the "Son of Man" figure. Jesus is never quoted saying explicitly that he himself is this "Son of Man" person.
Even if he taught an immediate return or Second Coming, it may be that he did not really say the words, "There be some standing here, which shall not taste of death till . . ." Rather, these particular words could be a later addition to what he said.
So one guess is as good as another.
Though the Gospel accounts are dated LATER, their CONTENT is EARLY.
However, these words in the gospel accounts indicate one important fact about the later gospel writers/editors: In general, they did NOT "make up" their material, but wrote down what they had in their sources.
This is obvious, because the Gospel of Matthew in its final form dates from about 80 AD, and it is unthinkable that a Christian propagandist at that late date, promoting the new Christ belief, would create a teaching that says original disciples from 30 AD would still be living to see Christ's return as the Son of Man in glory and power.
Obviously many of the original disciples were dead by this time, probably most of them. And the writer/editor of Matthew at this time had to know that he'd be taking a great risk to promote this teaching when so few of the original disciples were still living. He would have to ask, "What if Jesus still doesn't return for another 20 or 30 or more years? after the last of the disciples has passed on?"
Thus the Matthew writer/editor in 80 AD could not possibly put such words into the mouth of Jesus at this late date. Those words must have been in his sources, and he felt obliged to include those words in his account, even though he knew that "time was running out" for Jesus to return and make good on this promise. Yet he included those words anyway. Obviously those words came from his source, and not from his inventive mind, and these later writers did not do edits to censor something in their source even though there was a motive to do so.
So these words must have originated before about 60 AD or so. It has to be relatively early, and we don't know if they go all the way back to Jesus, or if they were "put into his mouth" by someone later, like in the 40s or 50s or so.
In fact, this shows the final Gospel writers/editors to be more like REPORTERS of these events than creators of it or propagandists for it. If they were the latter, they would have excluded the "return very soon" words, also the "Rejection at Nazareth" story and some other content that reflects negatively on the Christ figure.
The important point is that the writers/editors from 70 AD and later did NOT "make up" their content but relied on earlier sources. Or rather, they did not "throw out" content that would be embarrassing, but included it anyway, because it was in their sources, and they felt an obligation to include what they had in those sources even if these were problematic.
So they did not do dishonest editing in order to "clean up" the story or sanitize it or make it fit the latest narrative or doctrinal mutations.
The passage of time without any Return happening is something which causes the hope to fade and depression to set in, but it's not really a "reason" to disbelieve. It subtracts nothing from the evidence that Jesus had power. It does cast doubt on how reliable the "sayings of Jesus" are, i.e., whether he really said the words in the quotes.
Best explanation: The miracle acts of Jesus were real events that happened.
Why did the "Son of Man" figure become attached to Jesus? Why is the Second Coming idea connected to him and to no other hero figure also?
And why did the Christ believers change the title from "Son of Man" to "
The Son of Man"?
That the scenario of his early return in great power and glory did not happen does not undermine the credibility of the gospel accounts generally or refute the general belief in his power. Rather, these perceptions of him indicate that he must have done something highly unusual to set him apart from all the other "messiah" figures and heroes. They are really a further indication that the miracle stories were real events.
It is normal that the belief in him, which was based on the evidence and the power he demonstrated, would take on some sensationalist forms or exaggerations. Once he was perceived as someone of superhuman origin, new myth-making could happen quickly, many interpretations emerged, some conflicting with others, adding new claims which amplified on the earlier experience, and new words were put into his mouth which he did not say.
He was gone in only 3 years or less, but the reactions and confusions continued, leading to many differing interpretations and new versions of the truth, all trying to explain his significance and his part in the end-time scenario. End-of-the-world frenzies had been running wild long before Jesus and obviously did not originate from him, whatever he may have said about it.
Even if he had some apocalyptic or end-time visions, it had to be something more basic than these which attracted his followers, because there was nothing new about such visions -- they were a dime a dozen -- and yet Jesus must have introduced something new and distinct from the already-existing popular myths, i.e., something beyond these, in order to become mythologized instantly into a god, or into "
The Messiah" or "
The Son of Man" or "
The Son of God" etc.
So his own basic "message" or starting point has to be something more basic than the eschatological or "Son of Man" visions, and then from that original impact of his there emerged some end-time visions as something secondary which added some further impact. We miscalculate if we obsess on something secondary which did not originate from him.