In 2022, Germany significantly reduced its reliance on Russian energy imports, particularly natural gas. While Germany was heavily reliant on Russia for natural gas, with 55% of imports coming from Russia in 2021, this figure dropped to 26% by the end of June 2022. By early 2022, Germany was also importing 34.1% of its crude oil from Russia. However, Germany has since taken steps to diversify its energy sources, aiming to end Russian energy imports entirely, notably natural gas, by mid-2024.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
Natural Gas:
Germany was heavily reliant on Russian natural gas, importing 55% of its supply in 2021, according to The World Economic Forum. This figure decreased to 26% by the end of June 2022. Germany is working to replace Russian gas with imports from other countries (like Norway, the Netherlands, and via LNG from the US and Qatar), according to The Guardian.
Crude Oil:
In 2021, Russia supplied 34.1% of Germany's crude oil imports. According to VOA - Voice of America English News, Germany has since slashed this to 12%, according to VOA - Voice of America English News.
Coal:
Germany has also reduced its reliance on Russian coal. According to VOA - Voice of America English News, Russian coal now makes up 8% of Germany's purchases compared to 45% previously.
Diversification Efforts:
Germany is pursuing a strategy of diversifying its energy sources, increasing LNG imports, and exploring alternative supply routes to reduce its dependence on Russia. The country is also considering extending the life of its nuclear power plants and implementing levies to manage the energy crisis.