lpetrich
Contributor
Voters Have Mixed Opinions About America’s Party System
Checking such measures as the Economist magazine's Democracy Index and the Fund for Peace's Fragile States Index, most of the best-performing nations have proportional representation.
I was very disappointed with that article, because it contained no discussion of Duverger's law -- how the manner of voting produces party composition. Its poll had no questions about alternatives to first-past-the-post:In our survey we found that most voters do not prefer this two-party arrangement. A plurality (41 percent) of voters think there should be more than two parties. Only 20 percent think there should be exactly two parties, while 14 percent said there should be fewer than two parties, with the remaining 25 percent reporting that they weren’t sure.
This finding is somewhat discordant with the apparent increase in partisanship. Both Democrats and Republicans want an alternative to the status quo. What they want this alternative to be isn’t clear, however. There are some who try to offer a socially liberal and fiscally conservative option. Yet, this hasn’t entirely taken off. Last year, Howard Schultz, former CEO of Starbucks, briefly entertained a presidential bid, positioning himself as fiscally conservative and socially liberal, only to be ratio’d out of the race. There’s not much of a constituency for that kind of politics.
Survey data does show, though, that there is a fairly large slice of voters who are the inverse of Schultz: fiscally liberal and socially conservative. If there were to be a successful, national third party in the United States—say, like the Populist or People’s Parties of the 1880s–90s—it would likely occupy this electoral space.
- Top-two runoff (all the candidates compete, then the top two of those later compete)
- Instant runoff voting (ranked-choice or preference voting with sequential-runoff counting)
- Multimember-district systems
- Single transferable vote (multiseat extension of IRV)
- Party-list proportional representation
- Mixed-member: district seats and list seats, with the list seats making for overall proportionality
- Parallel: district seats and list seats, with only the list seats being made proportional
Checking such measures as the Economist magazine's Democracy Index and the Fund for Peace's Fragile States Index, most of the best-performing nations have proportional representation.