ABSOLUTELY throwing money at it can help significantly. This is well demonstrated.
Our department at work has “adopted” a local school with lower income students to act as volunteer parents. We are on-call whenever they need a volunteer to help in a classroom (It’s clay day and we need someone to roll out clay, it’s art day and we need someone to mix paste) because the low income parents can’t take the day off work. We are on-call whenever they want a better something for the kids (we’re doing a school play, can you make us a set?) because the parents don’t have the income to have a gang of power-tool-wielding contruction who buy the wood and paint ourselves. We are on call for the read-aloud exercises, because the parents working 2 jobs don’t have time to listen to their kids read aloud every night, so we coe into the school and have the kids read to us in the hall. We provide rides if necessary, we provide coaches for the robot programs (and we provide the robots and take them to competitions).
You're talking about things to help parents who care, just don't have the time.
The inner city schools are bad because the parents don't care.
Don't care? Nothing like the judgmental conclusion by LP on people he doesn't know. There are parents in the inner-city that don't care. There are parents that do care but lack the skills to help. There are parents that do care but lack the time to help. There are single parents that are so over their head. Poverty creates several different reasons for students not to do as well. Hunger, unstable housing situation, unstable home situation, etc...
We do make arguments elsewhere for dealing with poverty, but often you just handwave it away, blah blah disparate outcomes, blah blah not the banks fault they abandoned inner city to invest in the suburbs where no one lived yet, blah blah.