lpetrich
Contributor
"Ee-vrist" as opposed to "Eh-vrest".
1976 Standard Atmosphere Calculator - for the average pressure and temperature at different altitudes. For sea level, it has 1 atm (definition) and 15 C, and at Mt. Everest's peak, it's 0.31 atm and -43 C.
Mountaineering -
World altitude record (mountaineering)
Mountaineering is sometimes called alpinism.
Ötzi was found in a glacier in the Ötztal Alps near the Austria - Italy border at an altitude of around 3210 m. He lived around 3350 and 3105 BCE, over 5000 years ago. He was at 0.67 atm and -6 C.
The highest known premodern climb was of Llullaillaco in the Andes in Argentina and Chile at 6739 m. Three sacrificed children were found on its peak, sacrificed by Incas around 1500 CE. That was at 0.42 atm and -29 C.
There are many accounts of mountain climbing over the centuries. "A commonly cited example is the 1492 ascent of Mont Aiguille (2,085 m (6,841 ft)) by Antoine de Ville, a French military officer and lord of Domjulien and Beaupré." Not as much as Ötzi, I must note, and at 0.78 atm and 1.4 C.
"The Age of Enlightenment and the Romantic era marked a change of attitudes towards high mountains. In 1757 Swiss scientist Horace-Bénédict de Saussure made the first of several unsuccessful attempts on Mont Blanc in France. He then offered a reward to anyone who could climb the mountain, which was claimed in 1786 by Jacques Balmat and Michel-Gabriel Paccard. The climb is usually considered an epochal event in the history of mountaineering, a symbolic mark of the birth of the sport."
Mt. Blanc is at 4807.81 m, at 0.55 atm and -16 C.
"One of the most dramatic events was the spectacular first ascent of the Matterhorn in 1865 by a party led by English illustrator Edward Whymper, in which four of the party members fell to their deaths. By this point the sport of mountaineering had largely reached its modern form, with a large body of professional guides, equipment, and methodologies."
Matterhorn "meadow peak", also Cervino and Cervin, is in the Alps in Switzerland and Italy, at 4478 m, at 0.57 atm and -14 C.
Low temperatures and low oxygen are only two of the hazards that climbers face with these very high mountains. Steep, rocky slopes, crevasses in glaciers (big cracks in them), avalanches, bad weather, ...
1976 Standard Atmosphere Calculator - for the average pressure and temperature at different altitudes. For sea level, it has 1 atm (definition) and 15 C, and at Mt. Everest's peak, it's 0.31 atm and -43 C.


Mountaineering is sometimes called alpinism.

The highest known premodern climb was of Llullaillaco in the Andes in Argentina and Chile at 6739 m. Three sacrificed children were found on its peak, sacrificed by Incas around 1500 CE. That was at 0.42 atm and -29 C.
There are many accounts of mountain climbing over the centuries. "A commonly cited example is the 1492 ascent of Mont Aiguille (2,085 m (6,841 ft)) by Antoine de Ville, a French military officer and lord of Domjulien and Beaupré." Not as much as Ötzi, I must note, and at 0.78 atm and 1.4 C.
"The Age of Enlightenment and the Romantic era marked a change of attitudes towards high mountains. In 1757 Swiss scientist Horace-Bénédict de Saussure made the first of several unsuccessful attempts on Mont Blanc in France. He then offered a reward to anyone who could climb the mountain, which was claimed in 1786 by Jacques Balmat and Michel-Gabriel Paccard. The climb is usually considered an epochal event in the history of mountaineering, a symbolic mark of the birth of the sport."
Mt. Blanc is at 4807.81 m, at 0.55 atm and -16 C.
"One of the most dramatic events was the spectacular first ascent of the Matterhorn in 1865 by a party led by English illustrator Edward Whymper, in which four of the party members fell to their deaths. By this point the sport of mountaineering had largely reached its modern form, with a large body of professional guides, equipment, and methodologies."
Matterhorn "meadow peak", also Cervino and Cervin, is in the Alps in Switzerland and Italy, at 4478 m, at 0.57 atm and -14 C.
Low temperatures and low oxygen are only two of the hazards that climbers face with these very high mountains. Steep, rocky slopes, crevasses in glaciers (big cracks in them), avalanches, bad weather, ...