Gaining and losing weight is simple as a general principle. And it is very much about expending more energy than you're taking in.
Yes, there are foods that will metabolize better and some that will metabolize worse in an individuals system. Yes, there are genetic disorders and diseases that can change this basic principle, but it's a fucking fact that it doesn't matter if you eat pure fat, pure carbs or pure protein...if you eat 3,000 calories and your body uses 3,000+ you will lose weight.
You can lose weight, including fat by eating a 100% bacon diet, if you pay attention to your caloric intake and how much you burn.
If you eat 2,000 calories a day and burn off 3,000 you will lose weight, including fat. It doesn't matter if you're fucking eating twinkies and ho ho's or broiled chicken breast and raw kale.
It doesn't take studies to demonstrate it, unless you're someone with a medical condition or extreme genetics either way, this works and you can do it for yourself and see results in a week, easily.
There's no fucking chance I ate the same calories when I was 298lbs as I do now at 218lbs. I lost this weight starting on October 6th of last year and I can literally adjust my weight to whatever I want by tweaking my calories.
There's no point in comparing how that works in my body vs someone who is a diabetic or has a thyroid condition because there's an obvious reason why they don't gain or lose weight like average individuals. It is however a pretty good experiment to do on yourself since you can see how adjusting calories or work output is all it takes.
I was probably eating close to 4,500-5,000 calories a day when I was FAF (fat as fuck).
Now I eat between 2,500-3,000.
This works using high fat high protein diets, no carb or low carb diets, high carb low calorie diets...it doesn't matter.
There is however a difference in how your body functions based on the foods you eat and in a sense this can skew results. For example when my diet has consisted of shitty calories (soft drinks, potato chips etc) my digestive system was abnormal and I could go #2 once a week. When I eat clean calories like I do now (salmon, brown rice, chicken breast, spinach etc) my digestive system is amazing. I feel better and more energetic and less bloated. Carrying around all that waste also added to my weight.
I also know a lot of fat people and if they were counting calories for a study, they'd probably not include that every meal gets upsized, there's no such thing as a medium or small soft drink, only extra, extra large and vat sized. A bag of cookies is just as good as 1 or 2 and every tub of ice cream is individual sized if you've got enough time. Fries become poutine.
This is just as lame as when they called it "big boned" when I was a kid. I wasn't big boned, I fucking ate a tub of mac & cheese right before I went to bed and downed 2 litres of coke along with it.
Fat people...my former self included need to cut the shit with the "I'm being fat shamed" and own up to it. Just say "I like fucking Ben & Jerry's and even better when it's 2 for the price of 1!" and "I enjoy a good 4 litre pepsi for breakfast!" "I don't drink coffee black...I get a 2,000 calorie milkshake with some caffiene in it from Starbucks!"
Own it and be proud of it, rather than trying to make the rest of the world pretend like there isn't a fat fucking elephant in the room and like that whole pack of double stuffed fucking oreo's just spontaneously combusted instead of being stuffed in your face like a bukkake video.