You make up whatever objection suits your needs regardless of research or evidence. The brain is being constantly stimulated by external inputs, to which it responds. The response being determined by (basically) neural architecture and memory. Stimulating neural structures ''artificially'' just helps to reveal the role that structure plays in the brain more clearly.
Shoving in some external foreign electricity tells you how the brain responds to the introduction of external foreign electricity.
Nothing else.
It tells you nothing about normal function.
Which is not the application of external electricity.
Not because you say so. It's clear that you don't understand the purpose of research, the results, the evidence or that researchers are aware of factors that may bias the results. Just as it is quite clear that you are desperately trying to maintain a facade of credibility.
Meanwhile, more stuff for you to ignore or brush aside...so you can keep claiming that nothing is known, yet you yourself claim to know, meanwhile claiming that nobody else knows, ie, everyone who disagrees with your smart autonomous consciousness in a dumb brain claim;
Abstract
''To successfully interact with objects in the environment, sensory evidence must be continuously acquired, interpreted, and used to guide appropriate motor responses. For example, when driving, a red light should motivate a motor command to depress the brake pedal. Single-unit recording studies have established that simple sensorimotor transformations are mediated by the same neurons that ultimately guide the behavioral response. However, it is also possible that these sensorimotor regions are the recipients of a modality-independent decision signal that is computed elsewhere. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging and human observers to show that the time course of activation in a subregion of the right insula is consistent with a role in accumulating sensory evidence independently from the required motor response modality (saccade vs manual). Furthermore, a combination of computational modeling and simulations of the blood oxygenation level-dependent response suggests that this region is not simply recruited by general arousal or by the tonic maintenance of attention during the decision process. Our data thus raise the possibility that a modality-independent representation of sensory evidence may guide activity in effector-specific cortical areas before the initiation of a behavioral response.''
Abstract
''Recent findings: Voluntary, willed behaviours preferentially implicate specific regions of the frontal cortex in humans. Recent studies have demonstrated constraints on cognition, which manifest as variation in frontal lobe function and emergent behaviour (specifically intrinsic genetic and cognitive limitations, supervening psychological and neurochemical disturbances), and temporal constraints on subjective awareness and reporting. Although healthy persons generally experience themselves as 'free' and the originators of their actions, electroencephalographic data continue to suggest that 'freedom' is exercised before awareness.''
