There is fundamental disagreement IMHO. Correlation and causation and all that. I think the religious wars of the Reformation are just a side effect of other stuff. It wasn't the main act. And in retrospect irrelevant in the big picture, even though it propelled Sweden from Arctic outpost to a major world power as well as brain draining England to USA.
2. The Enlightenment would have happened anyway, with or without the religious wars, because of the printing press,
Yes. That is the logical next step.
It may seem that way to us in retrospect, but that's because the Enlightenment is part of our cultural pedigree. But Islam didn't undergo an enlightenment of its own even though Muslims have had printing presses for centuries. If it's really the logical next step, why didn't their culture take it?
Bullshit!!! China was and is a contributor to humanity with their many discoveries and achievements. Today even though ruled by a socialist/communist moderate regime, it's the largest economy on earth. Compare that to Islamic countries who need outside multinational companies to operate their oil wells. Muslims are too busy praying five times a day to achieve anything!
The trouble with Islam from this perspective is that it was in effect Protestant from the get-go. Anybody who could read was allowed to read the Quran. There was no Meccan Catholic Mosque organizing everyone's life and being corrupted by its own power and wealth for contrary religious thinkers to launch reform movements against. The Sunni/Shia dispute is more political than theological; the Sunni theocrats and the Shia theocrats are pretty much in agreement as to what to order the Muslim in the street to believe about God. In that sort of conceptual universe there isn't as much place for the notion that each person is entitled to decide for himself what to believe about God to gain a foothold.
Yup. The Muslims were held back by having a very effective central government more concerned with staying in power than progress and innovation. They were all about stability. Same deal in China and India. Anything that could threaten the status quo was shut down.