Syrian Civil War, military cooperation
See also:
Foreign involvement in the Syrian Civil War and
Saudi Arabian involvement in the Syrian Civil War
Relations between the two countries became strained during the
Syrian Civil War, in which Russia and its ally Iran put their support behind Syria's government and President
Bashar al-Assad while Saudi Arabia along with Qatar and Turkey-backed insurgents in Syria.
[9] Saudi Arabia, prior to Russia's
direct military intervention in Syria in September 2015, was reported to have sought to use its offer to reduce its oil production in exchange for Russia dropping its support for Syrian president Bashar al-Assad, a proposal that Russia rejected.
[10]
In February 2016, Saudi Arabia offered for the first time to send ground troops to Syria; a Saudi official confirmed that Riyadh had sent warplanes to
Incirlik Air Base in
Turkey, a move considered as preparation for an incursion into Syria and seen as inimical to Russia's as well as Iran's interests.
[11][12] Russia reacted to the reports with public sarcasm alluding to the Saudi Arabian-led
military intervention in
Yemen.
[13]
Relations improved significantly in 2017 as Russia's influence in the Middle East rose following military success in Syria as a result of its
intervention in the Syrian conflict on the side of the
Bashar Assad government, on whose removal from power Saudi Arabia had insisted prior.
[14][15] Military issues were among the topics of discussions held by Vladimir Putin and Saudi
defence minister deputy crown prince
Mohammed bin Salman in Moscow on 30 May 2016.
[16][17]
Russia and Saudi Arabia have taken similar approaches to North Africa, strongly supporting the military rule of
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi in Egypt following the
2013 Egyptian coup d'état.
[18] Similarly, both Russia and Saudi Arabia have supported
Khalifa Haftar and the
Libyan National Army in the
Second Libyan Civil War.
[19] In January 2020,
Le Monde reported that Saudi Arabia was helping finance the activities of the
Wagner Group, a Russian paramilitary organization, in supporting Haftar in Libya.
[20]