More fear than hate. Putin said explicitly that that the greatest tragedy of the last century was the collapse of the Soviet Union, that the west was responsible, and his goal was to reestablish the Soviet Union.
The Soviets failed because it was oppressive and incompetent. Collectivism and central control of the economy failed catastrophically, as it did in China. China ravened itself and the Soviets faded away
From bios, Putin was a mid level intelligence operator in East Germany when it collapsed. His wife was East German. He asked the militray for help and was ignored.
Putin carries a grudge blaming the west for what hardened. His delusional reality.
I remember the videos of the wall being torn down by both the East and West Germans with their hands. A wall made to keep people in not out.
He was selected to be the Russian leader because he was politically reliable, he would not prosecute Yeltsin and his family for corruption. He would protect their money and others'.
Putin is going down the same path of self destruction as the Soviets did.
Post Soviet sates.
here are 15 post-Soviet states in total: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.
Former Soviet sphere states that joined the EU.
The European Union welcomed ten new Member States on 1 May, 2004, including three former Soviet republics (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania), four former satellites of the USSR (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia), a former Yugoslav republic (Slovenia) and two Mediterranean islands (Cyprus and Malta)
And NATO,
After the Soviet Union's collapse in 1991, many Eastern European countries joined: Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Romania, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. Finland - which has a 1,340km (832 mile) land border with Russia - joined in April 2023. Sweden became a member in March 2024.Jul 11, 2024
No coercion invoked. The idea that Putin is going to bring them back under Russian influence is a fantasy. He can only do it with militray force.
Going back to the start. Ukraine kicked out the pro Russian puppet leader. they then chose to align with the EU with the potential to join NATO. Putin wanted to keep Ukraine in the Russian Federation economic block. There was also the issue of the Russian naval base in Crimea. The agreement on Ukraine gave Russia a lease on the base not perm net status.
First the seizure of Crimea, the naval base. Then a land bridge to the base.
Then the invasion of Ukraine. It had nothing to do with any European or Ukrainian military threat to Russia. It is the same old Soviet imperialism that started with Stalin.
The Russian Federation of which I know 3 or 4 names.
en.wikipedia.org