We observe small differences between the White and Middle Eastern/North African MCAT and GPAs, but an unexpectedly large difference in acceptance rate. Do we comment "Islamophobia is for realz!", "Whites clearly are rigging the system," or do we try to delve into how this is happening? Likewise, for a comparison between Whites and Asians: Whites have a higher acceptance rate but slightly less GPA and less MCAT. Do we say this is due to racial preferences of propping up White people?
I have written before that acceptance rates are a red herring because they are a function of both selection criteria and the applicant pool. If MCAT/GPA of accepted students are comparable, that means that the selection criteria are likely as well. So most likely the difference is that more MENA students apply. Besides, MENA students have somewhat lower MCATs than whites in your table.
Do we try to blame this on the unseen statistics of the other racial groups and alleged preferences there? Well, in that case, each of the remaining top 3 groups would still be effected equally proportionally and not have such differences, first. Secondly, we're starting to see the idea here: there could be something unseen in the chart that affects the numbers and means by themselves (or means and stdevs) do not necessarily imply racism...
There is a big difference between groups having slight differences (like within top three rows and bottom three rows both) vs. groups having massive differences (like between top three rows vs. bottom three rows). But you want to ignore the big differences with the bottom three rows (you even put a big X through them) and instead pretend that these massive differences are the same as slight differences within the top three rows.
Okay, so how about this? Whatever the variables are that play into the differences we observe when we look at the whole table, those same variables also play some roles in the top three acceptance rate differences, too? Why not be consistent?
Because the differences are bigger.
Here's a possible contributing factor and it might not be the most significant (I don't think it is): foreigners. Foreign citizens cannot apply to most medical schools and the few to which they can apply are difficult to get into. If we suppose that there are relatively quite a few Asian and Middle Eastern foreigners who took the MCAT and are trying to get into medical school, they may be getting rejected at a higher rate and skewing the numbers.
Why do you assume there are no black foreigners - e.g. from African countries?
And anyway, it's a moot point. AAMC has a separate "Non-U.S. Citizen and Non-Permanent Resident" category.
To add--there are more medical schools that accept Canadians for some reason than foreigners in general, but Canadians are going to tend to be White.
And yes, that category also applies to Canadians.
True stories: when I took a break from college I worked at a restaurant and one of my co-workers was an Egyptian doctor working as a dishwasher trying to study for MCATs. He had to achieve a certain threshold to apply where he wanted to go to medical school (I think, if I recall correctly). Also, later on in my actual career, I had a colleague from China who had a MD Phd but he was not trying to take MCATs. In both cases, my recollection is that they did not have to do the same number of years of study to get their medical degrees in their home countries.
Yes, medical education is very different abroad. But most foreign medical graduates just apply for US residencies. Some states are even doing away with that requirement, and are allowing foreign doctors to skip even US residency. So I do not see why a medical doctor from abroad would have to take the MCAT in the first place. Maybe you misremembered and it was the USMLE Steps?
I think the other variables are still on the table from previous discussion. Not an exhaustive list: yes, actual discrimination or adjusting criteria directly in admissions based on race;
Since med schools are not coy about admitting that they did that at least before 2023, I do not think we should dismiss this.
"willingness" to work in underserved areas OR mission fitness differences across demographics,
Declared "willingness" is not binding. And mission fitness is subjective af, and thus a good way to smuggle in racial considerations.
What do you or anyone else think are the root cause(s) for the differences in acceptance rates for the top three rows and what is the evidence for that thinking?
Mostly differences among applicant pools.