And the 0GW low won't be able to power anything.
And high pressure steam is not particularly dangerous, if it's correctly managed.
It hasn't. They are lying.
To be fair, it's a very complex lie, and as a homeowner you can genuinely make savings - because the current market regulations mean that you will be subsidised by those electricity users who cannot or do not install home solar panels.
The more people there are generating solar power, the less that power is worth. It's already worth less than nothing in many places.
I understand deep cycle marine batteries work quite well for home solar storage. Considering your location you should have access to lots of them on the used battery market.
Those would be the power shortages due to reliance on gas, which is no longer available due to sanctions against Russia.
You will not have to force the companies to eat those costs. Once they can get away with it they will pass those costs on.
And yet at 2am in the morning the power output of your shiny 1GW solar array is 0W.Data.GISS: Insolation at Specified Location
data.giss.nasa.gov
as a rough estimate
Using 50w/m^2 at the surface, solar cell conversion deficiency = .2, and power conversion efficiency .5.
watts/m^ power genrated = 50w/m^2 * .2 * .5 = 5w/m^2 NYC
Solar-cell efficiency - Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org
Solar-cell efficiency refers to the portion of energy in the form of sunlight that can be converted via photovoltaics into electricity by the solar cell.
The efficiency of the solar cells used in a photovoltaic system, in combination with latitude and climate, determines the annual energy output of the system. For example, a solar panel with 20% efficiency and an area of 1 m2 will produce 200 kWh/yr at Standard Test Conditions if exposed to the Standard Test Condition solar irradiance value of 1000 W/m2 for 2.74 hours a day. Usually solar panels are exposed to sunlight for longer than this in a given day, but the solar irradiance is less than 1000 W/m2 for most of the day. A solar panel can produce more when the sun is high in the sky and will produce less in cloudy conditions or when the sun is low in the sky, usually the sun is lower in the sky in the winter.
When it comes to regions, two important aspects that affect the solar PV industry's efficiency are the dispersion and intensity of solar radiation. These two variables vary greatly between each country.[1] The main global regions that get subjected to high radiations throughout the year are regions in Asia like the middle east, Northern Chile, Australia, China, and Southwestern USA.[1][2] In a high-yield solar area like central Colorado, which receives annual insolation of 2000 kWh/m2/year,[3] such a panel can be expected to produce 400 kWh of energy per year. However, in Michigan, which receives only 1400 kWh/m2/year,[3] annual energy yield will drop to 280 kWh for the same panel. At more northerly European latitudes, yields are significantly lower: 175 kWh annual energy yield in southern England under the same conditions.[4]
Schematic of charge collection by solar cells. Light transmits through transparent conducting electrode creating electron hole pairs, which are collected by both the electrodes. The absorption and collection efficiencies of a solar cell depend on the design of transparent conductors and active layer thickness.[5]
Several factors affect a cell's conversion efficiency value, including its reflectance, thermodynamic efficiency, charge carrier separation efficiency, charge carrier collection efficiency and conduction efficiency values.[6][5] Because these parameters can be difficult to measure directly, other parameters are measured instead, including quantum efficiency, open-circuit voltage (VOC) ratio, and § Fill factor. Reflectance losses are accounted for by the quantum efficiency value, as they affect "external quantum efficiency". Recombination losses are accounted for by the quantum efficiency, VOC ratio, and fill factor values. Resistive losses are predominantly accounted for by the fill factor value, but also contribute to the quantum efficiency and VOC ratio values. In 2019, the world record for solar cell efficiency at 47.1% was achieved by using multi-junction concentrator solar cells, developed at National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA.[7]
How Efficient Are Solar Panels in 2024? | GreenMatch
Solar panels 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝟭𝟱% 𝘁𝗼 𝟮𝟮% of the sun's energy into electricity. Let's take a closer look at the efficiency of this renewable technology, to help you understand whether they're right for your home!www.greenmatch.co.uk
Solar panels are usually able to process 15% to 22% of solar energy into usable energy, depending on factors like placement, orientation, weather conditions, and similar. The amount of sunlight that solar panel systems are able to convert into actual electricity is called performance, and the outcome determines the solar panel efficiency.
Solar electric systems have no moving parts, no high pressure steam, and no high temperatures. Turbines and high pressure steam systems require periodic maintenance and system shutdown. High pressure steam is dangerous.
Well, up to a point, and depending on climate.And yet at 2am in the morning the power output of your shiny 1GW solar array is 0W.Data.GISS: Insolation at Specified Location
as a rough estimate
Using 50w/m^2 at the surface, solar cell conversion deficiency = .2, and power conversion efficiency .5.
watts/m^ power genrated = 50w/m^2 * .2 * .5 = 5w/m^2 NYC
Solar-cell efficiency - Wikipedia
Solar-cell efficiency refers to the portion of energy in the form of sunlight that can be converted via photovoltaics into electricity by the solar cell.
The efficiency of the solar cells used in a photovoltaic system, in combination with latitude and climate, determines the annual energy output of the system. For example, a solar panel with 20% efficiency and an area of 1 m2 will produce 200 kWh/yr at Standard Test Conditions if exposed to the Standard Test Condition solar irradiance value of 1000 W/m2 for 2.74 hours a day. Usually solar panels are exposed to sunlight for longer than this in a given day, but the solar irradiance is less than 1000 W/m2 for most of the day. A solar panel can produce more when the sun is high in the sky and will produce less in cloudy conditions or when the sun is low in the sky, usually the sun is lower in the sky in the winter.
When it comes to regions, two important aspects that affect the solar PV industry's efficiency are the dispersion and intensity of solar radiation. These two variables vary greatly between each country.[1] The main global regions that get subjected to high radiations throughout the year are regions in Asia like the middle east, Northern Chile, Australia, China, and Southwestern USA.[1][2] In a high-yield solar area like central Colorado, which receives annual insolation of 2000 kWh/m2/year,[3] such a panel can be expected to produce 400 kWh of energy per year. However, in Michigan, which receives only 1400 kWh/m2/year,[3] annual energy yield will drop to 280 kWh for the same panel. At more northerly European latitudes, yields are significantly lower: 175 kWh annual energy yield in southern England under the same conditions.[4]
Schematic of charge collection by solar cells. Light transmits through transparent conducting electrode creating electron hole pairs, which are collected by both the electrodes. The absorption and collection efficiencies of a solar cell depend on the design of transparent conductors and active layer thickness.[5]
Several factors affect a cell's conversion efficiency value, including its reflectance, thermodynamic efficiency, charge carrier separation efficiency, charge carrier collection efficiency and conduction efficiency values.[6][5] Because these parameters can be difficult to measure directly, other parameters are measured instead, including quantum efficiency, open-circuit voltage (VOC) ratio, and § Fill factor. Reflectance losses are accounted for by the quantum efficiency value, as they affect "external quantum efficiency". Recombination losses are accounted for by the quantum efficiency, VOC ratio, and fill factor values. Resistive losses are predominantly accounted for by the fill factor value, but also contribute to the quantum efficiency and VOC ratio values. In 2019, the world record for solar cell efficiency at 47.1% was achieved by using multi-junction concentrator solar cells, developed at National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA.[7]
How Efficient Are Solar Panels in 2024? | GreenMatch
Solar panels 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘁 𝟭𝟱% 𝘁𝗼 𝟮𝟮% of the sun's energy into electricity. Let's take a closer look at the efficiency of this renewable technology, to help you understand whether they're right for your home!
Solar panels are usually able to process 15% to 22% of solar energy into usable energy, depending on factors like placement, orientation, weather conditions, and similar. The amount of sunlight that solar panel systems are able to convert into actual electricity is called performance, and the outcome determines the solar panel efficiency.
Solar electric systems have no moving parts, no high pressure steam, and no high temperatures. Turbines and high pressure steam systems require periodic maintenance and system shutdown. High pressure steam is dangerous.
Solar is reliable yet intermittent. Granted the reliability is known.
Climate of San Diego -- Mediterranean / semiarid -- mostly sunny summers. So it will get the most solar-panel electricity when it needs that electricity the most.
"When complete, the 1.1GW Seagreen wind farm will be capable of generating around 5,000 GWh of renewable energy annually, enough to power more than 1.6 million UK homes."
CAES works by pumping air into a storage cavern, and then releasing it and running generators with it.
