The pattern I was referring to is the countries with the lowest literacy rates are mostly Muslim.
Whether the low literacy rate is a result of poverty is irrelevant to whether they exist in the first place. And note that those aren't the poorest places on Earth, either.
I just pulled lists off Nationmaster of literacy and % Muslim, filling in blanks from the CIA factbook--and I get a -.41 correlation from admittedly poor data. The odds of that being chance are less than 1 in a million.
You have a CIA factbook? Isn't that classified? Why was the U.S. and Canada not compared on the listing of Nationmaster? Did you note how well the communist countries did? And Cuba right on the top. There is no doubt that Muslim countries have a late start on literacy. Many also have a late start on being a Muslim country. As usual, your information seems to come from questionable sources. Just saying a lot of your bogeyman countries scored very high on the literacy scale.
Pay a little attention to the world.
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/
A very good source for stats on the countries of the world, my main objection is the formatting isn't good for comparisons. It took 30 seconds to get the data from Nationmaster to Excel, 30 minutes to fill in the holes from the CIA data.
And you're not addressing why there is such a strong link.