As has been discussed, none of these are exactly "woman" because "woman" is more a holistic culture built around rather than of the actual tendency towards differences between people.
Is this true for all other female primates and mammals? If not, why not?
It is not. Because they have no such concept of gender in the first place. There are no real assigned gender roles in chimp society, and if an individual within a troupe wants to do something that a religion-blinded human would find offensive due to their assigned gender- like a male chimp spending too much time caring for a child, or getting a hand job from another male - there are no social barriers to their doing so. We know this, because we've seen both happen in the wild on many occasions.
Ah, so how often do female chimps become the troop alpha?
"Troop alpha" is not a term I have ever heard a chimpanzee use; you are imposing your cultural biases and beliefs onto chimp society without actually knowing all that much
about chimp society. Chimp troops actually have both female and male leadership of a sort, but they don't understand the position in the same way you are implying. It isn't an office, claimed by an individual on the basis of history and tradition, but a social interaction heavily bounded by instinct. If a chimp
does find itself in a situation where there is a dominant female and no obvious male contender, they'll adapt and kowtow to her just as they would a dominant male; we see this all the time in captive situations, as it is much more common in captivity to have a group composed of only adult females and juvenile males. But even in the wild, the equivalent of gender roles is not as clear cut as you're suggesting. For instance, chimp territorial wars have tended to be male only affairs, something huamn conservatives love to point out without much context. But it was recently observed the Tai troop in Cote d'Ivoire "breaks the rule" by having its dominant females fight as well. Except of course, there was never a "rule" in the first place, because that isn't how chimp society is organized to begin with.
