Loren's certainly biased, but on this point he's not wrong. The University of Texas, for instance, uses race-based admissions criteria for ~25% of its student body in order to compose an ethnically-diverse student body.
https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/15pdf/14-981_4g15.pdf
If we assume that such a policy is the norm for universities, then one would expect Black and Hispanic students to be admitted at higher rates than White and Asian students in order to compensate for their relative lack of representation, while Asian and White students would be "disfavored". This is borne out by the data from AAMC:
Percentage of successful applicants by MCAT score:
MCAT Score
| Black
| Hispanic
| White
| Asian |
5-14 | 0.0% | 0.4%
| 0.0%
| 0.0% |
15-17 | 0.9% | 3.1% | 1.0% | 0.6% |
18-20 | 3.2% | 11.7% | 2.0% | 0.8% |
21-23 | 19.7% | 25.8% | 6.0% | 3.6% |
24-26 | 54.7% | 40.0% | 18.0% | 11.9% |
27-29 | 73.5% | 58.4%
| 38.0% | 28.3% |
30-32 | 82.9% | 71.9%
| 58.0%
| 50.6% |
33-35 | 86.0% | 80.3% | 73.0% | 68.2% |
36-38 | 94.1% | 87.3% | 81.0% | 78.8% |
39-45 | 96.0% | 84.5% | 87.0% | 85.6%
|
https://www.aamc.org/data/facts/applicantmatriculant/157998/factstablea24.html
It is likely that, as Jimmy put it, universities have put their thumb on the scales. Black applicants still accepted at much lower rates overall--despite the favouritism--because they score lower on the MCAT than applicants from other races.
Your figures do not say anything about the overall admissions rate of students by race or ethnicity. Nowhere do you account for any reasons that as a group, black applicants might score lower than white students or Asian students. Nor do those stats from TX account for the number of schools applicants applied to. Since it is expensive to apply to medical school, students who come from higher socioeconomic strata are favored because it is more affordable for them to apply to multiple schools, just as they have more access to better schools, and significantly, to prep courses which help them to score higher. As student A applies to an increasing number of schools, it is likely that they will increase their chance of admissions to some school(s) but because they are less selective about the schools they apply to, they are risking applying to schools where they will not have a good chance of admissions.
This, of course, totally ignores the fact that admissions is based on more than just numbers--for very good reasons. Medical schools are interested in educating students who will be successful in their studies at that school--and who will become excellent doctors. Not every person who has an excellent GPA and MCAT scores is actually someone who would become a good physician.
I cited my source--a very good one--that describes the admissions rates for all groups by race. If you click on the link, you will find other tables for comparison.