I’ve been toying with a different theory of the president’s woes, one that makes better sense of his peculiar demographic weaknesses: Voters with low levels of trust in society and the political system are shifting rightward.
Donald Trump redefined the GOP in the eyes of many, associating the party with a paranoid vision of American life and a populist contempt for the nation’s political system. In response, Democrats rallied to the defense of America’s greatness, norms, and institutions. As the parties polarized on the question of whether America was “already great,” voters with high levels of social trust and confidence in the political system became more Democratic, while those with low social trust and little faith in the government became more Republican.
This miniature realignment was apparent in 2016 and 2020, according to some analysts. And there is some reason to think that it may have accelerated over the past four years. If it did, then Biden’s peculiar difficulties with young, nonwhite, and/or low-propensity voters would make more sense, as those demographic groups evince unusually little trust in their government or fellow Americans.
This theory is merely speculative. It’s consistent with many data points but proven by none. If true, however, it does not bode well for the Biden campaign.
Biden is losing ground with America’s most distrustful demographic groups
Some Americans generally trust their nation’s institutions and people. Others don’t.
Political scientists have long taken an
interest in this distinction. To investigate the effect of trust on voter behavior and democratic health, researchers have attempted to measure two different types of trust.
“Social trust” describes a person’s degree of confidence in the decency of other people. Those high in social trust believe they can safely expect others to abide by social norms. People low in social trust aren’t so certain. Political scientists measure this trait by asking voters questions like, “Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you can’t be too careful in dealing with people?”