Whatever other characteristics religion may have, in essence it is an idea concerning the destiny of mankind. Whether that destiny will realize itself in a kingdom of God in some imaginary heaven to be enjoyed after death, or it is to be realized on this earth to be enjoyed by men while they are living, this idea of the future destiny of mankind was and is the essence of religion. Consciously or unconsciously, all religions postulate original sin, the law retribution, reincarnation and redemption. The original sin is only an intuition and vague perception of the historic fact that man descended from the animal. Man started out as an animal; and, though man made great progress, yet the animal is still the basis of his being. This animal in man must be overcome; man must become rational and morally autonomous. But, while this is the inevitable destiny of mankind, man must cooperate with his destiny. Existence rests on the law of equivalents; for the realization of his destiny man must pay a high equivalent in coins of work, struggle, suffering and death. Salvation and redemption can be purchased only with sacrifice, and it must be a supreme sacrifice, requiring even the sacrifice of God himself. For this reason, God comes down as the Son of himself, assumes the human form, and sacrifices himself that mankind may attain to salvation and redemption. As I showed in the previous lecture, this sacrifice is really no sacrifice at all: it is an ascension. Isaac was required, not to be sacrificed as a burnt-offering, but to ascend to the highest moral and spiritual state. Likewise in the case of Jesus, it was not the sacrifice, the crucifixion of Jesus, but his ascension that brought to mankind salvation and redemption Now, all these ideas are intuitive symbols. The Son of God, as I showed in a previous lecture, is the soul that became the intellect. In other words, the salvation and redemption of man will come when his soul becomes intellect. Then man himself will ascend. But this process must begin with one individual, who constitutes the redeemer; he is Moses, he is Buddha, he is Jesus, and so on. But in due course of time more ani more will attain to the intellect, until a time will come when all will attain to the intellect. But this is not yet all. Underlying this idea, then is the idea of reincarnation. The salvation and redemption will come to future mankind, not as a free gift from all preceding generations of men. This would be contrary to the law of equivalents. Why should countless generations of men suffer that in the future mankind may enjoy the benefits? Hence, the law of reincarnation tells us that the future mankind will be none other than the past mankind. The essence of man is his soul, and the soul is an eternal idea of God, and therefore immortal. Man may assume and cast off an indefinite number of bodies, but the soul remains in existence. To realize her destiny, the soul must purge herself of all original sin. Hence, the destiny of mankind will be realized, not by some future generations that will come into existence, but by the very past generations that worked , struggled and died in the endeavor to realize that destiny. All these ideas are the essence of Judaism, and in the Bible these ideas are expressed most explicitly and definitely: only we need the mathematical key to understand the Bible. Let us, then, see what the Bible tells us about these ideas, using the mathematical key to decipher the language.